Although LASIK or laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis is the most well-known type of laser vision correction surgery, several other techniques can also be used to correct the refractive eye errors that cause nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and astigmatism. Another, very popular laser vision surgery is photo-refractive keratectomy or PRK for short. Many people are surprised to discover that PRK was actually the very first laser eye surgery technique and that it is still a common choice among patients and eye care professionals alike.


So, how do you know which, if either of these treatments, is right for you? Let’s find out more about them, including the differences between LASIK and PRK.

How are the PRK and LASIK techniques different?

Laser vision correction works by reshaping the cornea, which is the clear, domed lens covering the front part of the eye. The cornea is responsible for refracting light so that it passes through the eyes and is focused onto the retina. Exactly how much the cornea needs to be reshaped will depend on the severity of the refractive eye error.


PRK and LASIK are performed in nearly the same way, except for the first part of the procedure, during which the incision is made into the outermost layer of the eye tissue, called the epithelium, to expose the corneal tissue underneath.


In PRK surgery, the entire epithelium is removed and discarded, providing full access to the cornea beneath. The epithelium will regenerate naturally in the 5-7 days following your laser vision correction procedure.


In LASIK surgery, a special device called a microkeratome is used to create a circular, hinged flap in the epithelium, directly above the cornea. The laser then reshapes the tissue underneath, before the flap is closed, replacing the epithelium over the eye. The flap will then heal over the following days, without the need for sutures.

Is There any Difference in Procedure Times?

No, both LASIK and PRK surgery are very fast procedures that can usually be performed in under an hour, including preparation and recovery time. The actual reshaping of your cornea takes just a matter of minutes in both cases.

Can LASIK and PRK Correct the Same Vision Problems?

In short, yes. Both PRK and LASIK can be used to correct and improve the vision of patients with myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.

What About Recovery and the Risk of Complications?

Here is where PRK and LASIK vary the most.


In PRK, the initial discomfort, and blurred and distorted vision can last for up to a week after your procedure as your epithelium regrows. You may need to use eye drops to keep your eyes comfortable, and your vision could continue to improve for up to 6 months following your surgery. The risk of complications following PRK surgery is fairly low.


In contrast, the recovery time for LASIK is usually shorter, with discomfort lasting under 48 hours and eyesight starting to improve immediately, reaching peak clarity in around 3 months. Unfortunately, there is a greater risk of complications occurring with LASIK than with PRK, and the vast majority are related the flap creation and replacement. Sometimes the flap doesn’t heal perfectly, and this can cause distortions in the patient’s vision that need to be resolved. And in some instances, debris can get caught under the flap, increasing the risk of infection and other issues.


Your laser eye surgeon will be able to provide you with comprehensive information about the benefits and risks of both types of laser vision correction, as well as advise you if you are a suitable candidate for either.



To find out more about PRK and LASIK, visit Coastal Vision Medical Group at our offices in Chino, Irvine, Orange, or Long Beach, California. You can call (888) 501-4496 to book an appointment today.